{"id":7458,"date":"2026-01-28T13:45:47","date_gmt":"2026-01-28T16:45:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wgbengenharia.com\/?p=7458"},"modified":"2026-01-28T13:46:34","modified_gmt":"2026-01-28T16:46:34","slug":"materiais-impermeabilizantes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wgbengenharia.com\/en\/materiais-impermeabilizantes\/","title":{"rendered":"Waterproofing Materials: Technical Specification and Correct Selection"},"content":{"rendered":"

First and foremost, choosing the right waterproofing material is crucial for the system's durability. When this decision is made incorrectly, problems usually arise between 2 and 5 years after application<\/strong>. On the other hand, when the technical specification is thorough, the system can achieve 15 to 25 years or more of service life<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In this context, understanding the properties of each material, its compatibility with the substrate, and, moreover, its environmental exposure is essential for specifying engineers. In other words, the difference between a low-quality membrane and a well-specified solution represents the difference between continuous rework and durable performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Therefore, this guide presents the main families of waterproofing materials, their technical properties, ABNT standards, comparative tables, and objective selection criteria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Main Families of Waterproofing Materials<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Currently, there are six main families<\/strong> of waterproofing materials. Each one, therefore, caters to specific applications and different levels of technical requirements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Family 1: Asphalt Blankets (\u224855% from the Market)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

ABNT Specification<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
ABNT NBR 9952 \u2013 Asphalt waterproofing membrane\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Classification<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • Type I:<\/strong> Oxidized asphalt<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Type II:<\/strong> Modified asphalt (SBS or APP)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Type III:<\/strong> Special use<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    In addition, blankets are classified by performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    Technical Properties \u2013 Type II Class A<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    Property<\/th>ABNT requirement<\/th>Typical Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    Longitudinal traction<\/td>\u2265 180 N<\/td>400\u2013500 N<\/td><\/tr>
    Transverse traction<\/td>\u2265 180 N<\/td>400\u2013450 N<\/td><\/tr>
    Stretching<\/td>25%<\/td>30\u201335%<\/td><\/tr>
    Water absorption<\/td>< 1.5%<\/td>< 1.0%<\/td><\/tr>
    Impact<\/td>\u2265 2 J<\/td>4.9\u20136.0 J<\/td><\/tr>
    Flexibility<\/td>\u2264 \u22125 \u00b0C<\/td>\u2264 \u221210 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr>
    Watertightness<\/td>\u2265 10 mca<\/td>> 25 mca<\/td><\/tr>
    Lifespan<\/td>\u2014<\/td>15\u201320 years old<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    Therefore, blankets Class A<\/strong> They are not optional in new construction and critical areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    SBS vs. APP \u2013 Technical Comparison<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    Feature<\/th>SBS<\/th>APP<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    Cold flexibility<\/td>Excellent (\u2264 \u221230 \u00b0C)<\/td>Good (\u2264 \u221215 \u00b0C)<\/td><\/tr>
    Heat resistance<\/td>< 100 \u00b0C<\/td>Up to 140 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr>
    Adhesion<\/td>Very good<\/td>Good<\/td><\/tr>
    Recommended climate<\/td>South \/ Southeast<\/td>North \/ Northeast<\/td><\/tr>
    Cost<\/td>Average<\/td>Average<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    Therefore, the choice of polymer must take into account the climate of the region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    Recommended Thickness<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    Thickness<\/th>Useful Life<\/th>Use<\/th>Recommendation<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    3\u20134 mm<\/td>5\u20137 years<\/td>Internal reforms<\/td>\u274c Not recommended<\/td><\/tr>
    8 mm (double)<\/td>15\u201320 years old<\/td>Coverage and critical areas<\/td>\u2705 Recommended<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    Family 2: Liquid Blankets (\u224830% from the Market)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    Comparison between Types<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    Type<\/th>Useful Life<\/th>Elasticity<\/th>Cost (R$\/m\u00b2)<\/th>Indication<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    Acrylic<\/td>10\u201315 years<\/td>Until 200%<\/td>30\u201350<\/td>Cost-benefit<\/td><\/tr>
    Polyurethane<\/td>15\u201320 years old<\/td>Up to 300%<\/td>60\u2013100<\/td>High performance<\/td><\/tr>
    Polyurea<\/td>20\u201325 years old<\/td>Maximum<\/td>100\u2013150<\/td>Critical works<\/td><\/tr>
    Siloxane<\/td>8\u201310 years<\/td>Low<\/td>20\u201340<\/td>Maintenance<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    Family 3: Geomembranes (\u22485%)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    Property<\/th>Value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    Material<\/td>HDPE<\/td><\/tr>
    Permeability<\/td>< 10\u207b\u00b9\u00b3 cm\/s<\/td><\/tr>
    Lifespan<\/td>50+ years<\/td><\/tr>
    Thickness<\/td>0.8\u20132.0 mm<\/td><\/tr>
    Cost<\/td>80\u2013200 R$\/m\u00b2<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    Consequently, they are suitable for basements, reservoirs, and industrial projects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    Family 4: Geotextiles and Geocomposites<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    Type<\/th>Function<\/th>Cost (R$\/m\u00b2)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    Nonwoven geotextile<\/td>Filtration \/ drainage<\/td>5\u201315<\/td><\/tr>
    drainage geocomposite<\/td>Intense drainage<\/td>20\u201340<\/td><\/tr>
    GCL (bentonite)<\/td>Capillary barrier<\/td>30\u201350<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    Family 5: Resins and Injections<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    Epoxy \u00d7 Polyurethane<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    Feature<\/th>Epoxy<\/th>PU Injection<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    Function<\/td>Structural<\/td>Seal<\/td><\/tr>
    Elasticity<\/td>Low<\/td>High<\/td><\/tr>
    Cure<\/td>24 h<\/td>5\u201330 min<\/td><\/tr>
    Lifespan<\/td>20+ years<\/td>10\u201315 years<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    Good practice:<\/strong> PU to stop water infiltration + epoxy to restore the structure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    Family 6: Sealants<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    Type<\/th>Useful Life<\/th>UV resistance<\/th>Indication<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    Silicone<\/td>15\u201325 years old<\/td>Excellent<\/td>External joints<\/td><\/tr>
    PU sealant<\/td>10\u201315 years<\/td>Moderate<\/td>Floors and movable joints<\/td><\/tr>
    MS<\/td>20+ years<\/td>Excellent<\/td>High performance<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    Selection Matrix \u2013 Material \u00d7 Application<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    Application<\/th>Material<\/th>Useful Life<\/th>Standard<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    New roof<\/td>SBS double asphalt membrane<\/td>15\u201320 years old<\/td>NBR 9952<\/td><\/tr>
    Area without traffic<\/td>Acrylic liquid membrane<\/td>10\u201315 years<\/td>NBR 16747<\/td><\/tr>
    Critical subsoil<\/td>Geomembrane + geocomposite<\/td>30\u201340 years<\/td>GRI GM13<\/td><\/tr>
    Dry crack<\/td>Epoxy injection<\/td>20+ years<\/td>NBR 7583<\/td><\/tr>
    Active infiltration<\/td>PU injection<\/td>10\u201315 years<\/td>ASTM F2436<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    Comparative Cost \u2013 Quality \u00d7 Price (500 m\u00b2)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    System<\/th>Total Cost<\/th>Useful Life<\/th>Cost\/year<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    Simple blanket<\/td>R$ 30.000<\/td>6 years<\/td>R$ 5.000<\/td><\/tr>
    Double blanket<\/td>R$ 50,000<\/td>18 years old<\/td>R$ 2.800<\/td><\/tr>
    Acrylic<\/td>R$ 35.000<\/td>12 years<\/td>R$ 2.900<\/td><\/tr>
    PU<\/td>R$ 45.000<\/td>18 years old<\/td>R$ 2.500<\/td><\/tr>
    Geomembrane<\/td>R$ 75.000<\/td>35 years<\/td>R$ 2.100<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    In short, inadequate waterproofing materials lead to premature failures and costs. 10 times larger<\/strong> in repairs. Therefore, invest 30\u201350% more<\/strong> In a properly specified system, the payback period is quick.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Therefore, specifying correctly is not a cost.
    \u00c9 responsible, durable, and cost-effective engineering<\/strong>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    Antes de tudo, a escolha correta do material impermeabilizante \u00e9 determinante para a durabilidade do sistema. Quando essa decis\u00e3o \u00e9 tomada de forma inadequada, as falhas surgem, geralmente, entre 2 e 5 anos ap\u00f3s a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o. Por outro lado, quando a especifica\u00e7\u00e3o t\u00e9cnica \u00e9 criteriosa, o sistema pode alcan\u00e7ar 15 a 25 anos ou mais de vida \u00fatil. Nesse contexto, compreender as propriedades de cada material, sua compatibilidade com o substrato e, al\u00e9m disso, a exposi\u00e7\u00e3o ambiental \u00e9 essencial para engenheiros especificadores. Em outras palavras, a diferen\u00e7a entre uma manta de baixa qualidade e uma solu\u00e7\u00e3o bem especificada representa a diferen\u00e7a entre retrabalho cont\u00ednuo e desempenho dur\u00e1vel. Dessa forma, este guia apresenta as principais fam\u00edlias de materiais impermeabilizantes, suas propriedades t\u00e9cnicas, normas da ABNT, tabelas comparativas e crit\u00e9rios objetivos de sele\u00e7\u00e3o. Fam\u00edlias Principais de Materiais Impermeabilizantes Atualmente, existem seis fam\u00edlias principais de materiais impermeabilizantes. Cada uma delas, portanto, atende a aplica\u00e7\u00f5es espec\u00edficas e n\u00edveis distintos de exig\u00eancia t\u00e9cnica. Fam\u00edlia 1: Mantas Asf\u00e1lticas (\u224855% do Mercado) Especifica\u00e7\u00e3o ABNT Classifica\u00e7\u00e3o Al\u00e9m disso, as mantas s\u00e3o classificadas por desempenho. Propriedades T\u00e9cnicas \u2013 Tipo II Classe A Propriedade Requisito ABNT Valor T\u00edpico Tra\u00e7\u00e3o longitudinal \u2265 180 N 400\u2013500 N Tra\u00e7\u00e3o transversal \u2265 180 N 400\u2013450 N Alongamento > 25% 30\u201335% Absor\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00e1gua < 1,5% < 1,0% Impacto \u2265 2 J 4,9\u20136,0 J Flexibilidade \u2264 \u22125 \u00b0C \u2264 \u221210 \u00b0C Estanqueidade \u2265 10 mca > 25 mca Vida \u00fatil \u2014 15\u201320 anos Portanto, mantas Classe A n\u00e3o s\u00e3o opcionais em obras novas e \u00e1reas cr\u00edticas. SBS \u00d7 APP \u2013 Compara\u00e7\u00e3o T\u00e9cnica Caracter\u00edstica SBS APP Flexibilidade a frio Excelente (\u2264 \u221230 \u00b0C) Boa (\u2264 \u221215 \u00b0C) Resist\u00eancia ao calor < 100 \u00b0C At\u00e9 140 \u00b0C Ader\u00eancia Muito boa Boa Clima recomendado Sul \/ Sudeste Norte \/ Nordeste Custo M\u00e9dio M\u00e9dio Assim, a escolha do pol\u00edmero deve considerar o clima da regi\u00e3o. Espessura Recomendada Espessura Vida \u00datil Uso Recomenda\u00e7\u00e3o 3\u20134 mm 5\u20137 anos Reformas internas \u274c N\u00e3o recomendado 8 mm (dupla) 15\u201320 anos Coberturas e \u00e1reas cr\u00edticas \u2705 Recomendado Fam\u00edlia 2: Mantas L\u00edquidas (\u224830% do Mercado) Compara\u00e7\u00e3o entre Tipos Tipo Vida \u00datil Elasticidade Custo (R$\/m\u00b2) Indica\u00e7\u00e3o Acr\u00edlica 10\u201315 anos At\u00e9 200% 30\u201350 Custo-benef\u00edcio Poliuretano 15\u201320 anos At\u00e9 300% 60\u2013100 Alta performance Poliureia 20\u201325 anos M\u00e1xima 100\u2013150 Obras cr\u00edticas Siloxano 8\u201310 anos Baixa 20\u201340 Manuten\u00e7\u00e3o Fam\u00edlia 3: Geomembranas (\u22485%) Propriedade Valor Material PEAD Permeabilidade < 10\u207b\u00b9\u00b3 cm\/s Vida \u00fatil 50+ anos Espessura 0,8\u20132,0 mm Custo 80\u2013200 R$\/m\u00b2 Consequentemente, s\u00e3o indicadas para subsolos, reservat\u00f3rios e obras industriais. Fam\u00edlia 4: Geot\u00eaxteis e Geocompostos Tipo Fun\u00e7\u00e3o Custo (R$\/m\u00b2) Geot\u00eaxtil n\u00e3o tecido Filtra\u00e7\u00e3o \/ drenagem 5\u201315 Geocomposto drenante Drenagem intensa 20\u201340 GCL (bentonita) Barreira capilar 30\u201350 Fam\u00edlia 5: Resinas e Inje\u00e7\u00f5es Ep\u00f3xi \u00d7 Poliuretano Caracter\u00edstica Ep\u00f3xi PU Inje\u00e7\u00e3o Fun\u00e7\u00e3o Estrutural Veda\u00e7\u00e3o Elasticidade Baixa Alta Cura 24 h 5\u201330 min Vida \u00fatil 20+ anos 10\u201315 anos Boa pr\u00e1tica: PU para parar infiltra\u00e7\u00e3o + ep\u00f3xi para restaurar estrutura. Fam\u00edlia 6: Selantes Tipo Vida \u00datil Resist\u00eancia UV Indica\u00e7\u00e3o Silicone 15\u201325 anos Excelente Juntas externas PU selante 10\u201315 anos Moderada Pisos e juntas m\u00f3veis MS 20+ anos Excelente Alto desempenho Matriz de Sele\u00e7\u00e3o \u2013 Material \u00d7 Aplica\u00e7\u00e3o Aplica\u00e7\u00e3o Material Vida \u00datil Norma Cobertura nova Manta asf\u00e1ltica dupla SBS 15\u201320 anos NBR 9952 \u00c1rea sem tr\u00e1fego Manta l\u00edquida acr\u00edlica 10\u201315 anos NBR 16747 Subsolo cr\u00edtico Geomembrana + geocomposto 30\u201340 anos GRI GM13 Fissura seca Inje\u00e7\u00e3o ep\u00f3xi 20+ anos NBR 7583 Infiltra\u00e7\u00e3o ativa PU inje\u00e7\u00e3o 10\u201315 anos ASTM F2436 Custo Comparativo \u2013 Qualidade \u00d7 Pre\u00e7o (500 m\u00b2) Sistema Custo Total Vida \u00datil Custo\/ano Manta simples R$ 30.000 6 anos R$ 5.000 Manta dupla R$ 50.000 18 anos R$ 2.800 Acr\u00edlica R$ 35.000 12 anos R$ 2.900 PU R$ 45.000 18 anos R$ 2.500 Geomembrana R$ 75.000 35 anos R$ 2.100 Conclus\u00e3o Em s\u00edntese, materiais impermeabilizantes inadequados geram falhas precoces e custos at\u00e9 10 vezes maiores em reparos. Por isso, investir 30\u201350% a mais em um sistema corretamente especificado se paga rapidamente. Portanto, especificar corretamente n\u00e3o \u00e9 custo.\u00c9 engenharia respons\u00e1vel, dur\u00e1vel e economicamente inteligente.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7459,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[244],"tags":[285],"class_list":["post-7458","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-engenharia","tag-escolha-de-materiais"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWGB Architecture & Engineering | High-End Projects in Brazil<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Solid expertise with over 750,000m\u00b2 of excellence designed in Santa Catarina. 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